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attenuation length : ウィキペディア英語版
attenuation length

In physics, the attenuation length or absorption length is the distance \lambda into a material when the probability has dropped to 1/e that a particle has ''not'' been absorbed. Alternatively, if there is a beam of particles incident on the material, the attenuation length is the distance where the intensity of the beam has dropped to 1/e, or about 63% of the particles have been stopped.
Mathematically, the probability of finding a particle at depth ''x'' into the material is calculated by Beer-Lambert law:
:P(x) = e^ \!\,.
In general \lambda is material and energy dependent.
==See also==

* Beer's Law
* Mean free path
* Attenuation coefficient
* Attenuation (electromagnetic radiation)
* Radiation length

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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